Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully Essay - 1

Exam paper---read the requirement I send you carefully - Essay Example In this sense, everyone produces and consumers determine the market price of a product (Johansson, 2004). Similarly, the determined price defines and determines what is to be produced and the consumers who can afford the products. Prices provide incentive to consumers and producers, albeit in different ways. That is, whereas high prices encourage producers to create more goods and services, high prices result in reduced consumption by consumers (Johansson, 2004). On the other hand, low prices discourage production but encourage consumers to consume more of the concerned goods and services. These high and low price incentive result in a balance between demand and supply, the forces of consumption and production respectively, resulting in equilibrium (Johansson, 2004). This demand and supply mechanism results in the efficient market outcomes in which consumer satisfaction in society is maximised and minimum cost. This paper explores the concept of a perfect market with regards to how i t responds to changes in consumer demands. In addition, the paper compares a perfect market and a market with which one is familiar. The paper first explores the various types of market structures within which these factors interact. Market Structures Among the conditions or factors that create and define market structure are buyers, sellers, and entry and exit barriers for sellers and buyers, size of the firm, its market share and competition (Sayantan, 2010). The table below summarises the various types of market structures that a business entity may operate in. From the tabel, it is evident that competition increases from monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition and perfect competition. Structure Buyers Sellers Size of firm Product differentiation Market share Competition Perfect competition Many Many Relatively small Homogenous product Small Fierce Monopolistic competition Many Many Relatively small Substitutes with different branding Small Fierce Oligopoly Many Few Average Homogenous Average High Monopoly Many One Relatively large No substitutes Highest No competition Monopsorry One Many Relatively small Substitute good Average Imperfect competition In a monopoly, state-owned companies run the market and states bar the entry of other players whereas in oligopoly, consumers buy products of different sellers (Sayantan, 2010). On the other hand, in monopolistic competition, companies sell similar products but brand them differently. The different branding is indeed the catch for monopolistic competition. By knowing the market structure, business can measure its market share and the forces operating in the identified market not to mention the competitors and the type and range of products (Sayantan, 2010). This information is quite helpful for investment, having known the risks therein. A business can also develop its vision, values and mission after studying the target market. A perfect Market Responds to Consumer Demand Changes    In economic terms, for a market to be defined as perfect, it should have certain characteristics. These features are collectively referred to as perfect competition and they include absence of externalities, profit maximisation, equal access to production factors, absence of barriers to entry and exit, no participant with power or influence to set prices and perfect market information. The idea of a perfect market is based on the

Importance of Margins Essay Example for Free

Importance of Margins Essay In the short essay In Praise of Margins Ian Frazier defines marginal people, places, or activities as the ones that dont quite work out (58 Frazier) since they are insufficient to meet the standards of the economic world. However, Frazier shows he values marginal activities and places because they allow people to be themselves without the worry and judgment. For Frazier and his friends, they viewed The woods (56 Frazier) as their place of margin Often times society deems marginal behavior to be unbeneficial, but Frazier states . .marginal behavior can be the most important kind.(58 Frazier) because every purpose-filled activity starts off as a margin. Nonetheless, it is crucial for marginal things to exist as they provide many benefits and play an important role in the world we live in today. Living in a society where we are constantly being told what to do , marginal activities are necessary because they can allow oneself to discover what ones true passion is without any other influences. For example, in Annie Dillards Hitting Pay Dirt she describes the time she received a microscope kit, as a Christmas present, which she played with constantly in her basement. In the beginning, Dillard is unable to use her microscope properly, but ultimately succeeds as she sees an amoeba. Excited about what she had discovered, she immediately runs upstairs to show her parents; however, both of her parents are uninterested to what had seemed like ..a chance of a lifetime.(95 Dillard) to Dillard. As a result, she then begins to realize that every individual has their own pursuits and that you do what you do out of your private passion for the thing itself.(95 Dillard). Dillard explains that †[Her] days and nights were [her] own to plan and fill.(96 Dillard) and her passions were her own and not her parents. In a world where everything is constantly evolving and expanding , margins are much needed as they are the sole reason that helps the world continue to progress. Frazier states that marginal behavior can be the most important kind.(Frazier 58) because it allows one to attempt new and different concepts without the needed approval of anyone else. In many cases, ideas start off as marginal theories, but later on can be  acknowledged as something greater. Especially in a society where we demand things frequently, we often expect immediate results, thus making marginality difficult to understand for many. For instance, Frazier uses the first person who decided to ride down a mountain trail with his bicycle as an example of someone who started off thinking he was doing a decidedly marginal thing. (58 Frazier). However, this mountain bikers mere marginal idea has become a widely known sport across the nation. Ultimately, without marginal activity the world would be unable to grow; margins are extremely important as they keep life exciting and new. In the midst of everyday busy life, one is in need of marginal things every once in a while for the purpose of sanity. Marginal things essentially allow one to relieve stress by escaping the continuous demands of society, thus enabling many to obtain a peaceful state of mind. Frazier defines marginal activities as a higher sort of un-purpose(57 Frazier) as marginal activities can be viewed as useless, and yet can mean so much to a each different individual. For example, Frazier and his friends find their marginal place in The woods(56 Frazier) since it was a location they were able to do senseless activities just for the sake of it. The woods was almost like a sanctuary to Frazier; it was a place where he was able to escape from the judgments of the outside world and the pressure of impressing anyone else. In essence, taking a break from the daily norm with marginal things prevents individuals from going insane. Altogether, according to Frazier, marginal places and activities should be valued as they can provide numerous benefits to not only society, but to oneself. Marginal things allow many to truly find what their passion lies in, since marginal activities are not forced upon by any other influences. In addition, marginal behavior essentially keeps our world spinning as it brings new ideas that seem to have no purpose, but later on can bring something great. Lastly, often times, one is blinded by the mentality that everything one does must have a purpose, therefore disabling one to realize the importance of marginal things as they keep us at peace. All in all, marginal things may seem worthless, but the only reason as to why they might be viewed in that sense is because of the perspective society views marginal  activities.

Deceptive First Impressions in Morrisons Jazz Essay -- Toni Morrison

Deceptive First Impressions in Morrison's Jazz      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The novel Jazz by Toni Morrison is an extremely well written account of black life during the mid 1850's to the late 1920's. Morrison manipulates the three main character's personas while analyzing their lives to show the effect that a person's history has on their present day life. The most interesting thing I found concerning this novel has the way in which Toni Morrison was able to   present you with a first impression of the characters, then proceed through history, to give you a new conception of their character. This is seen through three important individuals: Violet, Joe, and Dorcas. At the beginning, Violet is depicted as crazy and foolish, but through the interpretation of her history, a clearer picture of a woman in love is presented. At first, Joe is seen as a man without standards who is simply a cheating husband who kills his girlfriend, but this also is abolished when the extenuating circumstances of his history are described. Dorcas plays the r ole of the piteous,innocent woman who is stuck in the middle of this crisis at the beginning, but is relieved of this generalized characterization through her actions towards Joe and her search for self-satisfaction. Even though the history that is recounted in this novel is more gossip than fact, it presents a more accurate story than the one depicted in the â€Å"offical story† located at the beginning of the novel. Toni Morrison attempts, through these three characters to illustrate how the narrator's perception of each character's history can alter the reader's understanding of a character's actions. Through this technique, she is able to demonstrate that circumstances andevents are not always as simple or truthful ... ...th explanations for certain behavior and prohibits the reader from jumping to unsound conclusions. Through knowing their personal history the reader's perception of the three characters is distinctly changed: Violet is no longer seen as crazy; Joe is not seen as the cold-hearted, adulterous murderer anymore; and Dorcas transforms from an innocent young girl to a more callous, immature, child solely concerned with self-satisfaction and a longing for belonging. Although the chronological style Toni Morrison uses is not unique, the reader finds it very useful for it allows them to experience the events as though they were being remembered by the characters. Through the characters in this novel, Toni Morrison is able to teach the reader a familiar lesson about life: not to judge a book by its cover. Works Cited Morrison, Toni.   Jazz.   New York: Plume, 1992.

Individual Relationship with Your Friends Essay

Mr. Hanif Abu Bakar Dengan berpandukan bincangkan bagaimana media atas talian (termasuklah sms dan sebagainya) boleh memberi manfaat kepada pelajar dan pensyarah semasa berkomunikasi. Bincangkan juga kelemahan komunikasi atas talian berbanding komunikasi bersemuka. Sila cadangkan cara mengatasi kelemahan tersebut dan perkara-perkara yang boleh diimplemenkan di Unimap dalam memudahkan komunikasi antara pelajar dan pensyarah. Anda boleh menggunakan teori komunikasi/media seperti â€Å"Media Richness Theory† bagi membantu tugasan anda. Bagi mendapatkan jawapan, sila temuramah sekurang-kurangnya lima pensyarah yang menggunakan media atas talian untuk berkomunikasi dengan pelajarnya. Sila sertakan bukti temuramah bersama tugasan atau semasa pembentangan. Discuss how online media (including sms, etc. ) can be beneficial to students and lecturers to communicate or share information with each other. Also discuss the disadvantages of online communication comparing to face-to-face communication. Please suggest how to overcome these weaknesses and the things that can be implemented in UniMAP in facilitating communication between students and lecturers. You can use any theories of communication / media such as â€Å"Media Richness Theory† to help your assignment. To get the answer, please interview at least five lecturers who use online media to communicate with students. Please attach proof of interviews with assignments or during a presentation. Interviews should be recorded All transcripts should be attached with the assignments Assignment should be no less than 30 pages Madya Abdul Aziz Mahmuddin What are the effective communication strategies used by UniMAP’s lectures? Interview at least 5 lecturers and answer the above question. Please provide a brief biodata of your respondents. a)Record the interview (to be submitted in the CD together with the photograph of the engineer (attach in your report) b)Provide organization’s profile and biography of the respondent (interviewee) c)Transform the dialog into a written format and analyse the information to answer the above statement Relate your discussion with personal experiences, concepts and elements of interpersonal communication (e. g. social penetration theory) as well as the process of relationship development. Bincangkan bagaimana kamu membangunkan hubungan individu dengan sahabat kamu. Kaitkan perbincangan kamu denggan pengalaman peribadi, konsep dan elemen komunikasi interpersonal (e. g. teori penembusan sosial) yang mana sebagai proses pembangunan hubungan. Based on the above statement, you are required to review and discuss in-depth and critical of the statement. You need to interview the engineers/ businessman of any organization to support the statement. In this task, you need to: a)Record the interview (to be submitted in the CD together with the photograph of the engineer (attach in your report) b)Provide organization’s profile and biography of the respondent (interviewee) c)Transform the dialog into a written format and analyze the information to answer the above statement

Mastering listening

There are five basic senses that human beings have in order to perceive society and in order to interact with one’s surroundings.   The sense of touch is often the way to feel what an object is like.   The sense of sight is the manner by which human beings perceive their environment.   The sense of smell is another way of getting acquainted with the world because it allows one to get a whiff of the air in one’s environment.   Another sense is that of taste which allows man to savor the delicacies that are available in the world.   Finally, and perhaps the most underrated of all senses, the sense of hearing by which a person can hear about what goes on in the world. The sense of touch is a great gift because with it a person can feel what objects are like and it allows people to differentiate between textures and feels.   The sense of smell is another wonderful gift because it allows people to have an olfactory experience that introduces man to the many scents of nature.   The sense of sight is also very useful for without it a lot of what man has right now would never have been invented. The sense of taste is also an amazing gift because it allows people to taste the wonderful foods that are available in the world.   While all of these senses have their own advantages, it is only the sense of hearing that allows a person to know how another person is feeling.   It is the only sense that allows a person to find out what is happening in another part of the world.   It can actually see farther than our eyes and allow us to know accurately what goes on in other places. The gift of hearing and the skill of listening is a talent that many people disregard or take for granted.   Not many people realize that the way to find the window into the soul of another is not through any of the other senses except the sense of hearing.   By listening to another person and allowing that person to bare his or her soul, one can learn so much more about another and arrive at a better, deeper and more complete understanding of who the person really is. The intricacies of the soul are revealed when one actually listens to another.   It has been established at this point that the sense of hearing is actually a very important sense as it is the main way by which a person can listen to another.   The next question that must be addressed is the relevancy of listening as a skill. All the senses of the human body are designed to do one thing, receive input that the brain will eventually process.   The listening, as a manner of exercising the sense of hearing, is a manner by which a person is able to gain input with regard to his surroundings and more importantly other people.   People communicate mainly through speech. While there are some traits, feelings, emotions and thoughts that can be conveyed through other means, the primary mode of communicating still remains to be through speech and the only way of understanding speech is by listening.   Communication is the method by which people interact with others.   It involves not only an exchange of ideas but also involves a certain degree of trust or confidence.   That is the reason why listening is so relevant because it allows people to communicate with each other.   Speaking is but one part of the communication process.   The other part is listening. There is certainly no doubt that listening is a skill that many people are capable of doing but is sadly something that not everyone does.   While most humans are equipped with the sense of hearing, there are still those who can hear but cannot listen.   They may be able to hear every single word that has been said to them but they cannot always be considered as listening.   The next question that must be asked is how one can actually listen or become a better listener. Listening is not simply nodding one’s head and hearing what another person is saying but requires that a person actually pay careful attention to the words of another.   It requires that the listener to do more than just absorb whatever the speaker has to say but in certain instances requires that the listener react in such a way as to encourage the speaker to bring out more.   Listening is a way of reassuring the speaker that there is somebody for him to talk to who listens to him.   It is a way of communicating various feelings to another person without the use of words. In order to become a good listener or to develop one’s listening skills, it is not important that the person is genuinely interested in the other or what the other has to say since the purpose of communication and listening is indeed to come to a better understanding of another person.   The thing that is required in order to develop good listening skills is in being able to know when to simply just â€Å"shut up and listen.†Ã‚   There is a certain timing that is needed in listening because listening may often be confused with boredom or disinterest by certain people.   One has to know when to simply just nod one’s head or smile instead of opening one’s mouth to say something.   This is the most important step at becoming a good listener. It is hard to imagine a world where nobody actually listened or paid any attention to other people.   It would probably be a sad world filled with the endless monologue from the unending conversations of people who have nobody to listen to them.   The people of the world would arguably be much sadder too since there would be nobody to listen to their problems or help them vent their frustrations. It is not hard to see just how important the skill of listening is.   It is also thankfully not hard to become a better listener.   The next time somebody says something, try not to respond right away.   Think, learn and feel first and by doing do listening to what the other has to say.   If man had learned this skill earlier, think of all the wars and bloodshed that mankind could have avoided by simply listening to what the other had to say.